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Citations & Writing Help: Chicago/Turabian

About Chicago/Turabian

What is Chicago/Turabian Style?

The Chicago style is from the Chicago Manual of Style, a writing and style guide for American English published since 1906 by the University of Chicago Press. It has two versions, the humanities style (also called “notes-bibliography”) and the author-date style for social science and science. You’ll be using the humanities (notes-bibliography) style.

  • Notes refer to the exact location of a quote, idea, or piece of data you have obtained from a source. Each note corresponds to a raised (superscript) number in the text. They may be inserted as footnotes or endnotes, depending on your instructor’s preference.
  • The bibliography is used to document all the works you've consulted in your research.

You may also hear this called Turabian style. Turabian is a somewhat simplified version of the Chicago Manual of Style developed for student writers, published in Kate L. Turabian’s Manual for Writers of Research Papers, Theses, and Dissertations.

Footnotes or Endnotes?

It depends on what your instructor requires, but in general, endnotes are easier.

 

Bibliographies

Image of Chicago/Turabian bibliography example